Education

Research Contributions

Downloads: Johannes Wrobel, Zeugen Jehovas im Konzentrationslager – eine konstante Häftlingskategorie 1933-1945, in: “informationen” – Studienkreis: Deutscher Widerstand 60, Oktober 2004, S. 32-34. Hrsg. vom Studienkreis Deutscher Widerstand 1933–1945 e.V., Rossertstr. 9, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, https://widerstand-1933-1945.de Tim B. Müller, “Your Human Rights, Your Fundamental Freedoms Are in Danger”. Crusade

Foto von Rudolf Graichen als Junge
Foto von Rudolf Graichen als Junge

HOW DID YOU SURVIVE THE HOLOCAUST?

At one program in commemoration of the Holocaust, one Jewish university professor who had studied and investigated the concentration camps and its effects it left behind on all prisoners in the camp, made this statement at the beginning of his talk saying: ‘All Jewish inmates in the camp were all

Foto von Rudolf Graichen als Junge
Foto von Rudolf Graichen als Junge

HOW DID YOU FEEL WHEN YOU WENT TO PRISON BOTH TIMES ?

Let me please give you first some background information about myself and our family in which I grew up when I was your age and still going to school, because it had a strong influence on me as a young growing teenager. It will help you to better understand my

Foto von Rudolf Graichen
Foto von Rudolf Graichen

Who was Rudolf Graichen?

During the 2007 school year eighth-grade students from Columbia Explorers Academy (Chicago, Illinois) asked Rudolf Graichen two questions regarding his personal experiences. Question #1 : How did you feel when you went to prison both times ? Question #2 : How did you survive the Holocaust ? Nazi Prison Survivor

Photo of young Max Liebster
Photo of young Max Liebster

DID CONDITIONS IN THE CAMPS CHANGE AS TIME WENT BY ?

Living conditions got much worse as the war expanded. Prisoners from all of Europe overloaded the camps. Non-Jewish prisoners who could speak German and who had been in camp for a long time became foremen. Some Jehovah’s Witnesses had been incarcerated even before the war. Because the camp supervisors noted

Foto von Max Liebster
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DID THE TREATMENT VARY ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF PRISONERS?

My first camp was Sachsenhausen. I arrived there in January 1940. Most prisoners were German. They did hard labor, had extra food, and slept in bunks. “Dangerous” individuals were isolated in special barracks and worked in so-called Strafkommando (punishment units). Jehovah’s Witnesses were usually assigned to the Strafkommando upon their arrival in the camp. Jews

Max Liebster
Foto von Max Liebster

Who was Max Liebster?

In 1933, the year Hitler came to power, I was an 18-year-old Jewish lad living in Germany.  I witnessed the dreadful rise of Nazism and its growing anti-Semitism. The arrest of opponents and the opening of concentration camps for dissident Germans, including Jehovah’s Witnesses (also known as Bible Students), plunged

Simone Arnold Liebster auf einer Konferenz
Simone Arnold Liebster auf einer Konferenz

Who is Simone Arnold Liebster?

I have often had the privilege of talking to young people. Everywhere in the United States, Canada, France, Switzerland, and Germany, I sensed how young people are eager to understand what happened in civilized Germany as it became a Nazi State. I found the same interest in learning how to build

Simone Arnold Liebster auf einer Konferenz
Simone Arnold Liebster auf einer Konferenz

WHY DIDN’T SOMEONE TELL THE WORLD WHAT WAS HAPPENING ?

Jehovah’s Witnesses tried again and again to tell the world about the terrible things happening in Nazi Germany. In 1938 the Witnesses published the book Crusade Against Christianity, which gave names, places, and details about Nazi oppression and torture. My parents bought this book, which was published in German and French. I